The concept of private networks has been around since the 2/3/4G era. A private network is an independent network that covers a specific area and provides services for specific users. In addition to the existing characteristics of 5G such as eMBB,uRLLC and mMTC , private 5G networks can realize complete control over the network with a high degree of accessibility, reliability, quality of service and security.

Accessibility：the network service of private 5G network has a high degree of continuity, which can ensure it is accessible anytime.

Reliability: Private 5G network provides sufficient network coverage and capacity, as well as powerful service switching capability, which can reliably transmit a large number of service data within a certain period of time.

Quality of service: Private 5G network runs in the dedicated spectrum, which enables better control over throughput, latency, jitter and rate of loss etc.

Security: Private 5G network provides end-to-end security solutions that can protect critical assets through network isolation, data protection, and user authentication. Enterprises can also take complete control of data to ensure sensitive information remains locally.

In addition, the system performance and resource occupation can be custom-made according to   specific needs of different services, which is known as network slicing . Network slicing is to create virtual independent networks for various applications (AR/VR, autonomous vehicles, IIoT, etc.) of enterprises or departments with different communication demands.

Existing private networks are mainly based on wired Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Wired Ethernet is cheap with stable connectivity, but short of mobility. Wi-Fi is easy to build and operate. However, the connectivity of Wi-Fi is unstable with short communication distance, latency longer than tens of milliseconds and poor security. Comparing with them, private 5G network shows distinctive advantages to boost digital transformation of enterprises.

The private 5G network can be deployed in the mode of SNPN (Standalone Non-public Network), which refers to independently carrying out network construction in dedicated frequency band. The other is in a mode of PNI-NPN (Public Network Integrated Non-Public Network). It uses the spectrum of a carrier's public 5G network, which is more flexible and fast.